E-Reader

Material Composition Assumptions

The CCI score assumes a standard 6-inch e-reader weighing 175 grams total. The plastic housing and casing comprise the largest material fraction at 70 grams, representing 40% of total device weight. The E Ink screen assembly contributes 50 grams or 29% of device mass, making it the second-largest component by weight. The lithium-ion battery accounts for 35 grams or 20% of total weight. Circuit boards and electronic components add 15 grams at 8% of device mass. Metal components including fasteners and internal framework constitute the remaining 5 grams or 3% of total weight.

These proportions reflect typical construction of current-generation e-readers using electronic paper display technology with plastic polymer housings and integrated rechargeable battery systems.

Manufacturing Geography

The default CCI score reflects production in China’s coastal provinces where the majority of global e-reader manufacturing occurs. This region operates with an electricity grid carbon intensity of 582 grams CO2 equivalent per kilowatt-hour based on 2023 energy mix data. Manufacturing facilities in these provinces typically draw from regional grids with intensity ranging from 580 to 620 grams CO2 per kilowatt-hour due to coal-heavy electricity generation.

China’s dominance in electronics manufacturing infrastructure and established supply chains for electronic paper displays and lithium battery production makes this geographic assumption representative of most commercial e-reader devices currently available in global markets.

Regional Variation

Manufacturing Region	Grid Intensity	Estimated CCI Score	Adjustment vs Default
European Union	290 gCO2e/kWh	155	-8%
United States	386 gCO2e/kWh	161	-4%
India	708 gCO2e/kWh	178	+6%
Japan	462 gCO2e/kWh	164	-2%
South Korea	436 gCO2e/kWh	163	-3%

Provenance Override Guidance

1. Manufacturing location documentation specifying the actual production facility and regional electricity grid intensity data for that location.

2. Bill of materials with component weights and specific material types used in housing, display assembly, battery specifications, and electronic components.

3. Energy consumption records from the manufacturing process showing actual kilowatt-hours used per device produced including assembly line operations.

4. Battery capacity specifications and chemistry details for the lithium-ion power system along with supplier emissions data.

5. Transportation distance and mode documentation from component suppliers to final assembly location and from factory to distribution centers.

Methodology Notes

• The CCI score represents cradle-to-gate emissions for a single e-reader device ready for retail distribution
• Scope 1 emissions dominate at 134.4 kg CO2e, reflecting energy-intensive manufacturing processes for electronic paper displays and plastic molding
• Scope 2 emissions of 25.2 kg CO2e account for grid electricity consumed during manufacturing operations
• Scope 3 emissions of 8.4 kg CO2e include upstream material production and component transportation
• The functional unit is one complete e-reader device with standard 6-inch display and integrated battery
• Packaging materials, retail distribution, consumer use phase electricity, and end-of-life disposal are excluded from the score
• Data gaps exist for specific electronic paper display manufacturing processes and regional variations in battery production methods