Midrange Smartphone

Material Composition Assumptions

The default CCI score assumes a typical midrange smartphone weighing approximately 160 grams with the following material breakdown:

• Aluminum frame and housing: 48g (30%)
• Lithium-ion battery: 39g (24%)
• Display assembly including touchscreen: 28g (18%)
• Printed circuit board with components: 12g (8%)
• Glass or ceramic back panel: 16g (10%)
• Miscellaneous components including cameras, speakers, and connectors: 17g (10%)

This composition reflects standard midrange devices with metal construction, mid-tier processors, and battery capacities between 3000-4500 mAh. Premium materials like titanium frames or ceramic bodies would increase the carbon intensity beyond this baseline.

Manufacturing Geography

The default score assumes production in China and Vietnam, representing the dominant smartphone manufacturing regions. China hosts the majority of integrated circuit fabrication facilities and final assembly operations, while Vietnam provides additional manufacturing capacity for certain components and assembly processes.

The electricity grid intensity of 565 gCO2e/kWh reflects China’s coal-heavy power generation mix, which significantly influences the manufacturing footprint. Manufacturing electricity consumption is particularly intensive during semiconductor fabrication processes that require cleanroom environments and precision machinery operating continuously.

Regional Variation

Manufacturing Region	Grid Intensity	Estimated CCI Score	Adjustment vs Default
Europe (EU)	140 gCO2e/kWh	29	-17%
United States	369 gCO2e/kWh	32	-9%
Global average	480 gCO2e/kWh	33	-6%
China (current)	565 gCO2e/kWh	35	baseline
India	708 gCO2e/kWh	38	+9%

Provenance Override Guidance

Suppliers can provide specific data to override the default CCI score:

1. Component-specific production data including integrated circuit manufacturing location and electricity sources used during fabrication
2. Battery manufacturing details including cell chemistry, production facility location, and energy sources for electrode processing
3. Display assembly production information covering panel type, backlight technology, and manufacturing electricity sources
4. Transportation documentation showing actual shipping routes, modes of transport, and distances from component suppliers to final assembly
5. Final assembly facility data including location, energy consumption profiles, and renewable electricity procurement agreements

Methodology Notes

• The CCI score represents cradle-to-gate emissions including raw material extraction, component manufacturing, and final assembly through factory gate
• Manufacturing processes dominate the footprint with 80% scope 1 emissions from direct industrial processes, 12% scope 2 from electricity consumption, and 8% scope 3 from upstream activities
• Functional unit is per individual smartphone device assuming standard midrange specifications
• Use phase emissions are excluded as they depend on user behavior, charging frequency, and local electricity grid rather than inherent product characteristics
• Data gaps exist for emerging manufacturing processes and regional supply chain variations beyond primary production hubs