Monitors & Displays (27-inch LCD)

Material Composition Assumptions

The default reference product is a 27-inch IPS LCD monitor weighing approximately 6 kg (without stand), composed of:

• LCD panel module: 27-inch IPS (In-Plane Switching) panel with LED edge backlighting, approximately 2.5-3.0 kg. Includes TFT glass substrates, polarizer films, color filters, and LED backlight strip.
• Metal and plastic housing: Aluminum or steel rear plate, plastic bezel (ABS/PC), approximately 1.5-2.0 kg.
• PCBs and electronics: Main board (scalar IC, input processors), power supply board, OSD control board, approximately 0.3-0.5 kg.
• Stand and base: Aluminum or steel stand with plastic trim, approximately 1.5-2.5 kg.
• Cables and packaging: Power cable, video cable, corrugated box, EPS inserts, approximately 2-3 kg.

A 27-inch monitor has approximately 55% of the panel area of a 50-inch TV. Panel manufacturing emissions scale roughly with panel area, making monitors proportionally lower-emission than TVs.

Manufacturing Geography

Monitor production follows the display industry supply chain:

• Panel production: China (BOE, CSOT — dominant), South Korea (LG Display, Samsung), Taiwan (AU Optronics, Innolux).
• Final assembly: Primarily China (Foxconn, TPV, Compal for Dell/HP/Lenovo/AOC).
• Grid intensity (China): 565 gCO2e/kWh (IEA 2024). Default for global production.
• Rationale: LCD panel fabrication dominates production emissions. Clean-room photolithography, vacuum deposition, and alignment processes are extremely energy-intensive. A Gen 8.5 panel fab producing monitor-sized panels consumes 200-400 MW continuously.

Regional Variation

Panel + Assembly Region	Grid Intensity	Estimated CCI Score	Adjustment
China (default)	~565 gCO2e/kWh	250 kgCO2e	Baseline
South Korea	~430 gCO2e/kWh	225 kgCO2e	-10%
Taiwan	~510 gCO2e/kWh	240 kgCO2e	-4%
Japan	~460 gCO2e/kWh	232 kgCO2e	-7%

Provenance Override Guidance

1. Product Environmental Report or PCF from the manufacturer. Dell, HP, Lenovo, and LG publish monitor-level carbon data.
2. Panel supplier data: LG Display, BOE, and Samsung publish facility-level sustainability data.
3. Renewable energy procurement at assembly and panel fab facilities.
4. Recycled content: Post-consumer recycled plastic housing content.

Methodology Notes

• CCI score of 250 kgCO2e is a conservative estimate for a 27-inch IPS LCD monitor. Dell reports 180-300 kgCO2e for comparable models. The CCI score reflects Chinese panel production with coal-intensive grids.
• Scope breakdown: Scope 3 at 72% (180 kgCO2e) from panel components, ICs, metal/plastic housing. Scope 2 at 26% (66 kgCO2e) from assembly and testing. Scope 1 at 2% (4 kgCO2e).
• Functional unit: One 27-inch IPS LCD monitor (~6 kg without stand), cradle to gate.
• Included: Panel fabrication, PCB assembly, housing production, final assembly, packaging.
• Excluded: Use-phase electricity (~30W × 8 hr/day × 5 years ≈ 440 kWh ≈ 100-200 kgCO2e), end-of-life.
• Size scaling: A 24-inch monitor has ~20% less panel area (~200 kgCO2e). A 32-inch monitor has ~40% more (~340 kgCO2e). Ultra-wide (34”+) and high-refresh models are higher still.